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Carbon Capture and
Storage (CCS)
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Approximately one half of all CO2 emissions from Nova Scotia are from electrical generating plants, most of which utilize fossil fuels. Each major generating plant in Nova Scotia is currently emitting slightly below one million tonnes to over four million tonnes per year. Capturing and storing CO2 from these sites can substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions without major upgrades to the basic process. Other sources of emissions, such as transportation, industry and domestic building heating cannot be tackled in the same way because of the large number of small sources. CCS Nova Scotia will therefore focus on stationary, large final emitters, namely electrical generating plants.
The use of renewable resources (wind, tidal and solar), improving the efficiency of generation, distribution, use of energy and moving to cleaner fuel sources all have a part to play. Unfortunately these steps alone will not meet the greenhouse gas reductions that are specified in the Environmental Goals and Economic Prosperity Act. To close the gap, CCS Nova Scotia will play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions issues using CO2 capture and storage methods.
Underground placement of CO2 has taken place worldwide for many years in active oilfields as part of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). Other onshore and offshore storage options typically include coal beds, depleted oil and gas reservoirs and deep saline aquifers. Work to develop these options is ongoing in many parts of the world.
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